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The paper proposes a current-sensorless finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) method for three-level voltage source inverter (3L-VSI). Firstly, based on the proposed control model, the predictive variables of traditional FCS-MPC method are converted into capacitor voltage and current. Then, in order to eliminate current sensor completely, a capacitor current observer is utilized to estimate the capacitor current, which could reduce system cost and enhance reliability. Besides, the estimated current is brought into the prediction formula, and the optimal voltage vector is selected by minimizing cost function and applied to the control of 3L-VSI. Finally, simulation comparison results of traditional and current-sensorless FCS-MPC demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.