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Aiming at the economic scheduling problem of the system under multi-agent energy trading mechanism in open electricity market, this paper proposes a robust game optimization scheduling method for user-side distributed energy storage based on cooperative game theory. The purpose of this method is to coordinate the energy interaction between distribution network and users, and to find the equilibrium point of the game model to formulate the optimal user-side energy storage scheduling strategy, so as to improve the new energy consumption level and economic benefits of the system. Secondly, in order to reduce the influence of source and load uncertainty on the system economy in the actual dispatching operation process, robust optimization theory is used to deal with the uncertain factors. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimal scheduling method to improve the photovoltaic energy consumption level and reduce the operation cost of market entity.